The device used to transmit the motion of a rotating piece to another part on the same axis or to stop this movement being transmitted at any time is called the clutch. The clutches, which are our subject and used in motor vehicles, are connected between the engine and the gearbox, in the axis of the crankshaft, and provide motion transmission from the engine to the gearbox, and at any time, it stops the transmission of the movement, although the engine continues to operate. Clutch Tasks If the clutch is gripped while the engine is running, movement is transmitted from the engine to the gearbox. At the same time, if the gearbox is in the gear position, the movement of the engine is transmitted to the wheels, and the vehicle moves. When the clutch is in a disengaged state (not transmitting motion), the movement of the engine cannot enter the gearbox, and even if the gearbox is not in neutral, the movement of the vehicle is not possible, since the movement of the engine is not transmitted to the gearbox. The clutch then allows the engine to start while the vehicle is stationary, even though the gearbox is in gear. It is of great importance that the clutch temporarily disconnects the engine and the gearbox in changing gear speeds. If the gearbox was to be switched from one speed state to another, without stopping the power transmission, it would be very difficult to separate them since the two gears that transmit power would be under pressure. After the gearbox was empty, trying to engage the two gears of the desired speed condition while the power transmission was continuing would also cause damage to the gears. Because probably the circumferential speeds of the rotating and rotating gears are different from each other. By trying to get the gears in this situation to be trapped, it causes the teeth to break against each other and cause breakage. If the clutch is not transmitted, it is easier to separate the teeth because the pressure on the teeth will be removed, and since the gear rotates, the rotating gear will be released, and the speeds of the gear to be gripped for another speed condition can be equalized. As a result, the gears are easily gripped. (*) Afterwards, the clutch is re-engaged and the movement of the engine is transmitted to the wheels at another rate via the gearbox. On the other hand, it is impossible for a vehicle to change from stationary to a movement at a certain speed, or cause a great shock. A sudden jerk occurs when switching from such a low speed to a higher speed or from a high speed to a lower speed, and the parts that transmit motion are severely strained and damaged. The clutch transmits the movement of the engine to the gearbox, and therefore to the wheels, gradually during the first movement and the movement of the vehicle to the movement is smooth. Likewise, by changing the gear status gradually, the motor and gearbox are gradually connected, thus preventing the vehicle from accelerating or sudden slowing, thus preventing jolts, preventing damage to the moving parts and a very disturbing situation for the occupants is eliminated. Other than these, it may be necessary to disconnect the motor and gearbox. For example; the gearbox may not become empty due to a malfunction. In this case, the transmission of the wheels is not transmitted to the engine during the towing of the vehicle to the repair site, it is possible by separation of the clutch. After these explanations, the task of the clutch can be summarized as follows: • To provide the vehicle to move smoothly by moving the motor motion gradually to the wheels during the first movement. • Temporarily interrupting the transmission of motion from the engine to the gearbox to change gear states while the vehicle is in motion. • Disconnecting the powertrain from the engine when necessary. Clutch Wanted Features • As explained above, the main task of the clutch is to progressively transmit the motion of the engine to the gearbox. However, in a modern concept, the following features are desired besides this task; • The inertia moment of the clutch disc must be small in order to change gear situations easily and quietly. In this, the disc should be light. When the clutch pedal is pressed on very large discs, the disc is braked in a special way and the shifting operation is made silent. • It should not transmit torsional vibrations in the crankshaft to the gearbox. • The force that must be applied to the clutch pedal must be low in order to be released. • It should be easy to maintain. • It should cost cheap. DERAN_TUYNER2008-10-07 10:10:46
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